Battle Of The Yalu River
Contents. The Russian Situation 1. The Japanese Situation 2. Prelude 3. The Main Battle 4. Outcome 5.
Importance 6. References 7. Notes 8. External links 9The Russian SituationThe commander in the Far East, 's strategy was to only engage the Japanese in defense stalling actions, while waiting for enough reinforcements to be brought up to the front via the single-track to take the offensive.
He had estimated that it would take at least 6 months to build his forces up to suitable levels. He also had received strict orders not to hinder the Japanese progress through Korea from, but to hold the line at the Yalu River to prevent the Japanese from crossing into.On 22 April 1904, Kuropatkin dispatched the 'Eastern Detachment' under the command of Lieutenant-General with 16,000, 5,000 and some 62 pieces to fight a static delaying action at north bank of the river. However, this force was spread out piecemeal over a 170-mile front, whereas the Japanese Army could concentrate its efforts on any single point of its choosing. Furthermore, General Zasulitch did not hold the in a very high regard. Most of the Russian forces were deployed near Wiju, blocking the main road from Korea to Manchuria. Small detachments guarded the bank up and down the river.The Japanese SituationAfter the success of the at the on 9 February 1904, the way was clear for the to deploy the, the, and the Divisions of the, commanded by, into. The total strength of Japanese force was about 42,500 men.
The Japanese 1st Army advanced quickly northwards from (modern ), with advance units entering on 21 February 1904 and by 18 March 1904. Learning their lessons in logistics and transport from the, the Japanese army hired some 10,000 local laborers at wages well above the local norms, and paid also for any food and supplies procured locally. This contrasted greatly with the behavior of the Russian troops previously in northern Korea.By seizing the port of Chinampo (modern, North Korea) at the mouth of the outside of Pyongyang with the spring thaw, the Japanese were able to land the remaining components of the 1st Army by 29 March.
Japanese troops landing on.By 21 April 1904 the Japanese 1st Army was concentrated and hidden south of Wiju. The Japanese were in the same positions on the southern bank of the Yalu River that they had been in August 1894. The Japanese knew the exact locations of the Russians deployment from intelligence by forward scouts disguised as Korean fishermen, the Russians made no effort to conceal their positions.
2 By 23 April, the Japanese knew the layout the Russian trench line and details of the defensive positions around the area of Antung. 2 Intelligence was so effective that the Japanese estimate of the Russian troop strength was only exceeded by 1000 and the estimate of the guns which was only two less of the actual number.
2 The Japanese made every effort to keep their positions hidden. Screens of trees, millet and bushes were used to conceal activity as well as roads, artillery and other equipment. Japanese Troops Crossing the Yalu River.The prelude to major action took place at 21:45(9:45 P.M.) on the night of 25 April 1904, when two battalions of the Japanese 2nd Division seized two islands in the Yalu River without opposition. After reinforcement at 0400 on 26 April by units from the Guards Division and a brief firefight, the forward Russian observation post withdrew to the main Russian lines on the north shore.Japanese engineers determined that ten bridges 1,630 yards(1490.5m) would be required to span the river. A third of these were steel prefabricated pontoons which weighed 100 pounds each. 3 The remainder were made from local resources. In full view of Russian positions, the Japanese began constructing a across the Yalu River, which was immediately targeted by two Russian batteries.
With the Russians so engaged, the Japanese prepared nine other bridges that could quickly be moved into position for a rapid assault across the river at other locations.Once the midstream islands were secured, General Kuroki ordered a feint on the lower Yalu River when Japanese gunboats engaged detachments at the river mouth. This convinced General Zasulich that the main Japanese attack would fall on the vicinity of the town of, and he concentrated his forces there.Kuroki was thus able to maneuver against the weak Russian left, and deployed the 12th Division and Guards Division across the Yalu River at a fordable point. The Russians observed these movements with trepidation, and General Kashtalinsky informed General Zasulich that the Japanese were about to assault the position in force and his position was in danger of being flanked. Zasulich chose to ignore the reports, thinking that the attack was only a feint, and redeployed a single battalion with four guns.
Zasulitch remained convinced that the main Japanese attack would fall at Antung, and kept his main force as well as his reserves at that location.The Main Battle. Russian map depicting positions of the Eastern detachment and Japanese advance.The Japanese main attack began in the early morning hours of 27 April 1904. By 0300, the balance of the 12th Division had crossed the river and was advancing in three columns. While the Japanese 12th Division advancing on the right, the Guards Division was moving into position in the center.
By 0400, the artillery of the Guards Division was within range of the exposed Russian lines. The Japanese First Army continued its three-pronged advance and was across the Yalu by midnight of 29 April 1904 with very little opposition.
Limited visibility masked the Japanese movements from Russian observation. When the fog finally lifted about 0500, the Japanese opened up on the Russian formations.The 2nd Division took its position on the center, advancing on the newly erected causeways leading from the town of Wiju and thus catching the Russians in a pincer movement at the hamlet of, on the Manchurian-side of the Yalu River opposite Wiju. By 1000, the Russians were in full retreat, with a Japanese attempt to block their escape towards to the north.The Japanese had a number of 4.7 inch, custom-made by, which they used with devastating effect on the exposed Russians.
In light of these developments, General Zasulitch was strongly encouraged by his staff to pull back to a more defensible position. However, the general stubbornly refused to concede, even sending a telegram to in informing that victory was soon certain. He chose to ignore General Kuropatkin's phased withdrawal orders (as confirmed by Kuropatkin's chief of staff, General V.V. Sakarov).General Kuroki had planned to continue the advance of the 12th Division to envelope the Russian left. However, now that the enemy artillery had been neutralized, he decided to engage the Guards and the 2nd Division in a simultaneous assault.
It was at this point the Japanese encountered the first serious resistance from the Russian lines. The advance of the 2nd Division was disrupted for a time, and had any of the Russian artillery survived, the outcome might have been different. The Russians were driven from their trenches with severe losses, and the survivors fell back to the tops of the hills, the position that Zasulitch's advisors had unsuccessfully encouraged him to fall back to earlier.
During the retreat, a counterattack was made by elements of the Russian 12th East Siberian Rifle Regiment, which was cut to pieces and opened further the breaks in the Russian lines.The Russian position now became wholly untenable, and remaining formations now were in danger of being encircled. General Zasulich was ordered to retreat. The 11th East Siberian Rifle Regiment, which was covering a retreat, was cut off by the Japanese and suffered large casualties during its breakthrough back to the other Russian forces. At the appearance of the Japanese 12th Division, the Russian left flank panicked and collapsed.At 1730 on 1 May 1904, remnants of the Russian Eastern Detachment either surrendered or escaped towards Fenghuangcheng to the north and the Battle for the Yalu River came to an end.OutcomeThe Battle of the Yalu River ended in victory for Japan. The combat had cost the Japanese 1036 dead and wounded out of the total 1st Army strength of 42,500 4 The Russian Eastern Detachment suffered some 2700 casualties overall, 4 including about 500 killed, 1000 wounded, 600 prisoners and the loss of 21 of 24 field guns.ImportanceThe Battle of the Yalu River was the first major land campaign of the Russo-Japanese War. The defeat of the Russian Eastern Detachment removed the perception that the Japanese would be an easy enemy, that the war would be short, and that Russia would be the overwhelming victor. 5 References.Connaughton, Richard (2003).
Rising Sun and Tumbling Bear. ISBN 0-304-36657-9.(2006). Historical Dictionary of the Russo-Japanese War. ISBN 0-8108-4927-5.Nish, Ian (1985).
The Origins of the Russo-Japanese War. ISBN 0-582-49114-2.Sedwick, F.R. The Russo-Japanese War. Macmillan Company.Notes. This article was sourced from Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. World Heritage Encyclopedia content is assembled from numerous content providers, Open Access Publishing, and in compliance with The Fair Access to Science and Technology Research Act (FASTR), Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., Public Library of Science, The Encyclopedia of Life, Open Book Publishers (OBP), PubMed, U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S.
Battle Of The Yalu River 1950
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General Quarters II. Fairly simple and quick.Pros: simple to learn, quick turns, can handle a Yalu sized battle. Simple paperwork to keep track of ships, easy movement. Scale independent (I do Yalu in 1/600)Cons: there would not be a whole lot of differentiation on paper between the cruisers. Does not really give the feel of big slow firing Canets vs smaller QFs.
Other than the two Vulcan battleships, pretty much anything can harm anything.I do not know of any paper models of these ships other than perhaps one or two 1/200 scale kits out of Europe. If you want to go with paper, you might:- find or draw top-down deck plans and mount those on foam ore or balsa- find or draw elevations and do the same25 Jan 2017 8:14 a.m. PST. Keep up the suggestions. Just keep in mind I will have to teach and play the game the same day.And actually I should apologise.
I did not give full infoClass time is 3 hours tops, and they will need a 10-20 minute break.Students have zero to little experience with any kind of tabletop wargame. Some of them have played Diplomacy in some of my classes, and some of them have played Napoleon's Triumph, or S&T Balkan Wars. Beyond that not much.English is not their first language.25 Jan 2017 11:51 a.m. PST. Whatever rules you use, to have any chance of a realistic outcome, you would need to address the crappy state of the Chinese equipment and ammunition, due to governmental corruption. In particular, the pair of Chinese battleships will dominate the game if allowed full effectiveness.
It was found that some of their main battery shells had been filled with concrete instead of explosives! Had that not been the case, it is likely that they would have sunk some of the Japanese ships outright.25 Jan 2017 12:15 p.m. PST. I am not so sure the stories about concrete filled shells are really true. There was a lot of blame being passed around at that time but there was never (at least that I have seen) any concrete proof that it was true. Attila if you can direct me to anything conclusive I would greatly appreciate it.I know I first read about it in Wilson´s great book, and then I think it must have been picked up by other authors over the years, but I would like to see something that is more contemporary to support Wilson´s claim.I have fought this battle many times, and in my experience if the Chinese player follows the historic doctrine of the time,Line abreast with intention to ram, he will surely lose. However, if the Chinese ships are deployed in line ahead they stand at least half a chance.Yes, you are halving the power of the two battleships, but the formation is less likely to dissolve into chaos.The main thing about whatever rules are used is they must make allowances for quick firing guns, which in the real battle were the key to Japanese success.25 Jan 2017 1:27 p.m. PST.
Each Knot of speed = 1' movement, you can increase speed by 1' per turn, or decrease by 2' per turn.Each ton of displacement = 0.1 point damage. (9,000tons = 900 hit points). Two type of hits, armored – not armored. If 6' and below hits armor, no damage.Fire each gun individually.
5' and below each inch = 1pt damage if hit (5'= 5 hit points). No critical hits ever.Each gun 6' and above causes hits by inch squared. 6' hit equals 36 damage. 12' = 144 damage points, Critical hit rolled for each hit that penetrates armor. No critical hits on unarmored areas.Big guns sometimes penetrate armor.
50% chance to do so for each hit.Guns are reduced by% of hits. Small guns fire every turn – big guns every other turn.
Very big guns every 3 turns.You can decide the critical hits, or let the kids pick from a list and roll a die.Good luck.25 Jan 2017 3:23 p.m. PST.