What Is Low Iron Saturation
What are other Names for this Test? (Equivalent Terms). Fe Saturation Blood TestWhat is Iron Saturation Blood Test? (Background Information). Iron saturation is an approximation of iron stores in the body. It takes into account 2 other indices: Serum iron and total iron binding capacity. Ionic iron, Fe2+, is needed for proper red blood cell function.
The red blood cells (RBCs) primarily transport oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Freely dissolved Fe2+ is very toxic. Virtually no Fe2+ floats around in blood. Instead, iron is bound by proteins such as ferritin, transferrin, and hemoglobin. Ferritin is found inside cells and provides in-cell storage of iron. Transferrin migrates through blood and transports iron between body sites.
Other carrier proteins exist, but transferrin carries up to 70% of the iron in blood. Total iron binding capacity (TIBC) refers to the total amount of iron being carried through the blood.
Though proteins other than transferrin contribute to the TIBC, TIBC is often used interchangeably with transferrin. Unlike ferritin and transferrin, hemoglobin (Hb) is more than a storage or carrier for iron. Hb is an oxygen-carrying protein comprising 96% of the dry weight of red blood cells (RBCs). Iron (or Fe) is at the center of Hb function. Iron provides structural support to hemoglobin. More importantly, however, it facilitates the change in structure that accompanies binding of oxygen by hemoglobin.
This structural change allows further binding of oxygen to occur more easily, a trait termed cooperativity. The cooperativity allowed by iron in Hb is important to a RBC’s ability to oxygenate tissues, because it allows for small changes in oxygen levels to have a large effect on RBCs’ binding effectiveness. In other words, it makes the process more like an on/off switch and less like a dim switch. The Iron Saturation Blood Test measures the percentage of iron bound to transferrin. It is calculated by dividing the serum iron value by the TIBC value and multiplying by 100 (the inverse is the transferrin saturation).
Low Iron Binding Capacity Symptoms
The value for the Iron Saturation Blood Test represents the amount of iron-binding sites that are occupied. American Red Cross (n.d.). Iron rich foods.
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What Is The Significance Of Low Iron Saturation
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